Scientific Technical Review

This paper presents the development of high-performance energetic plasticizers based on furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as a renewable bio-material, resulting in bis(2-ethylhexyl) furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (FDC) and bis(1,3-diazidopropan-2-yl) furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (FDAC). The structural characterization was performed using FTIR spectroscopy. The effects of FDCA-based plasticizers were analyzed in the binder component of composite rocket propellants (CRP) as well as in ammonium perchlorate-based CRP, and the results were compared with those obtained for the commercial plasticizer dioctyl adipate (DOA). Mechanical properties were assessed through uniaxial tensile tests. The relaxation behavior, as well as the temperature and frequency dependence of the developed plasticizers, were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The presence of two relaxation processes was observed in the temperature dependence curves of tan(δ). The primary relaxation process was detected in the temperature range of -70 °C to -55 °C, while the secondary process was observed in the range of -40 °C to 40 °C. Activation energy values for viscoelastic relaxation were calculated. This research highlights advancements in the development of composite rocket propellants through innovative plasticizer design.

Key words: propellants, plasticizers, energetic materials, mechanical properties, rocket technology.

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